Langevin dynamics in crossed magnetic and electric fields: Hall and diamagnetic fluctuations

Based on the classical Langevin equation, we have re-visited the problem of orbital motion of a charged particle in two dimensions for a normal magnetic field crossed with or without an in-plane electric bias. We are led to two interesting fluctuation effects: First, we obtain not only a longitudinal "work-fluctuation" relation as expected for a barotropic type system, but also a transverse work-fluctuation relation perpendicular to the electric bias. This "Hall fluctuation" involves the product of the electric and the magnetic fields. And second, for the case of harmonic confinement without bias, the calculated probability density for the orbital magnetic moment gives non-zero even moments, not derivable as field derivatives of the classical free energy.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, revised versio

A Review Paper on Sustainable Cost Effective Concrete for Corrosive Environment

For its favorable properties and easily availability, the use of concrete increasing annually. When the concrete exposed to environment it start to disintegrate due to chemical attack. The chemical attacks on concrete majorly are in the form of a reaction between aggressive agents and the cement matrix, although reactions can also happen with the aggregates. This review paper gives a suggestion to make a cost effective and durable concrete to perform well in the aggressive corrosion environment by the waste products obtained from different industry. The use of Portland cement concrete has an impact on the environmental due to the emission of CO2 in the atmosphere. On the other side handling of plastic waste was a major problem all over the world. So, as to give suggestion to these problems the study has been made as the use of rice husk ash (obtained from agricultural waste) and silica fume (obtained from alloy industry) as partial replacement of Portland cement to increase strength at early and later ages. And due to its micro structure it reduce the permeability of concrete and exhibit considerable enhancement in durability, also provides better bond between cement matrix and the aggregate. The usage of LDPE is high throughout the world compared to other plastics, the density of LDPE range from 925-940 kg/m3 so the density of the concrete greatly reduce up to 30%  as their wastes can be used as a replacement for fine aggregate.. In terms of durability the high amount of silica impregnated the concrete samples and thereby reduces porosity of concrete. The strength reduction due to plastics will nearly   compensated by the RHA and SF. The use of such waste products gives cost effective and reducing co2 emission and best method for the disposal of plastic wastes. Keywords: Silica Fume, Rice husk ash, LDPE, Durability DOI: 10.7176/CER/11-5-05 Publication date:June 30th 201

Three-electron anisotropic quantum dots in variable magnetic fields: exact results for excitation spectra, spin structures, and entanglement

Exact-diagonalization calculations for N=3 electrons in anisotropic quantum dots, covering a broad range of confinement anisotropies and strength of inter-electron repulsion, are presented for zero and low magnetic fields. The excitation spectra are analyzed as a function of the strength of the magnetic field and for increasing quantum-dot anisotropy. Analysis of the intrinsic structure of the many-body wave functions through spin-resolved two-point correlations reveals that the electrons tend to localize forming Wigner molecules. For certain ranges of dot parameters (mainly at strong anisotropy), the Wigner molecules acquire a linear geometry, and the associated wave functions with a spin projection S_z=1/2 are similar to the representative class of strongly entangled states referred to as W-states. For other ranges of parameters (mainly at intermediate anisotropy), the Wigner molecules exhibit a more complex structure consisting of two mirror isosceles triangles. This latter structure can be viewed as an embryonic unit of a zig-zag Wigner crystal in quantum wires. The degree of entanglement in three-electron quantum dots can be quantified through the use of the von Neumann entropy.Comment: To appear in Physical Review B. REVTEX4. 13 pages with 16 color figures. To download a copy with higher-quality figures, go to publication #78 in http://www.prism.gatech.edu/~ph274cy

Inversion improves the recognition of facial expression in thatcherized images

The Thatcher illusion provides a compelling example of the face inversion effect. However, the marked effect of inversion in the Thatcher illusion contrasts to other studies that report only a small effect of inversion on the recognition of facial expressions. To address this discrepancy, we compared the effects of inversion and thatcherization on the recognition of facial expressions. We found that inversion of normal faces caused only a small reduction in the recognition of facial expressions. In contrast, local inversion of facial features in upright thatcherized faces resulted in a much larger reduction in the recognition of facial expressions. Paradoxically, inversion of thatcherized faces caused a relative increase in the recognition of facial expressions. Together, these results suggest that different processes explain the effects of inversion on the recognition of facial expressions and on the perception of the Thatcher illusion. The grotesque perception of thatcherized images is based on a more orientation-sensitive representation of the face. In contrast, the recognition of facial expression is dependent on a more orientation-insensitive representation. A similar pattern of results was evident when only the mouth or eye region was visible. These findings demonstrate that a key component of the Thatcher illusion is to be found in orientation-specific encoding of the features of the face

Cracking in Concrete Bridge Decks

The causes of cracking in concrete bridge decks are investigated, and procedures are recommended to alleviate the problem. Forty continuous steel girder bridges, thirty-seven composite and three noncomposite, from northeast Kansas (KDOT District I) are evaluated. Field surveys conducted to document cracking patterns and to determine the crack density of each bridge are described. Information collected from construction documents, field books, and weather data logs is presented and compared to the observed levels of cracking to identify correlations between cracking and the variables studied. Thirty-one variables are considered. These include material properties, site conditions, construction procedures, and design specifications, as well as age and traffic volume. Based on the research reported herein, cracking in monolithic bridge decks increases with increasing values of concrete slump, percent volume of water and cement, water content, cement content, and compressive strength, and decreasing values of air content (especially below 6.0% ). Bridge deck overlays placed with zero slump concrete exhibit consistently high levels of cracking. Cracking in overlays also increases as placement lengths increase. High maximum air temperatures and large changes in air temperature on the day of casting aggravate cracking in monolithic bridge decks. High average air temperatures and large changes in air temperature similarly aggravate cracking in bridge deck overlays. Both monolithic and two-layer bridges with fixed-ended girders exhibit increased cracking near the abutments compared to those with pin-ended girders

Image Analysis of Air Voids in Air-Entrained Concrete

The application of image analysis techniques to characterize the air-void system in hardened concrete is demonstrated. Both lineal and areal feature analyses are investigated. Feature size distributions and total air contents are obtained using s both types of analysis. The areal analyses also include the measurement of individual feature perimeters for use in comparing void shapes. A two phase standard specimen ip developed to insure the consistency of measurements and repeatability of results. Correction methods, based on geometric probability, are developed to remove the distortions in the image analysis data resulting from frame edge effects. Separate r:nethods are presented for lineal and areal analyses. Using discrete class sizes, both correction procedures are expressed in a matrix format. The corrected areal feature distributions are used to obtain volume distributions of spherical air voids using standard stereological procedures. The procedures are applied to ten concrete specimens, at magnifications of 12x and 30x. The specimens represent concretes made using three different airentraining admixtures, as well as non-air entrained concrete. Air-void parameters calculated from corrected image analysis results for the ten specimens are compared to results obtained using the modified point count method and to freeze-thaw results obtained from surface scaling tests of companion specimens. The differences in the air-void systems created by the various air entraining agents are studied by comparing different characteristics including: the Powers spacing factor, the Philleo factor, profile shape, average feature size, numerical density of features, and the cumulative percent of total air versus feature size. The study demonstrates that image analysis provides a viable alternative to traditional lineal traverse and modified point count methods for characterization of air-void systems in hardened concrete and, in the process, provides significant detail not available with the traditional methods. The study indicates that airentraining agents produce characteristic air void distributions. Comparisons made in the study show that lineal and areal image analysis techniques provide similar determinations of total air content that are, on average, 1. i 5 volume percent lower than those obtained from a modified point count analysis. Application of the frame edge effect correction procedures to the lineal data results in an average decrease in the total chord density of 2.3% and 5.0% for magnifications of i 2x and 30x, respectively. Application of the frame edge effect correction proced.ures tq the areal data results in an average decrease in the total profile density of 3.3% and 5.9% for magnifications of i 2x and 30x, respectively. The accuracy of the analysis decreases if size classes are much greater than 30 Jlm. Accurate lineal analyses require the class size to be an exact increment of pixel length. A similar requirement does not apply to areal analyses

THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NON-PERFORMING LOAN AND RETURN ON ASSET

Setiap perusahaan memiliki kecenderungan hanya untuk mencari keuntungan sedangkan, tujuan perusahaan tidak hanya untuk memaksimalkan keuntungan dan memaksimalkan pemegang saham atau pemiliknya tetapi juga berusaha untuk memaksimalkan kekayaan pemegang saham mereka. Ini berarti bahwa perusahaan perlu memberi manfaat kepada pemangku kepentingan mereka, dan salah satu pemangku kepentingan perusahaan adalah masyarakat di sekitar perusahaan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi pengembalian aset bank di Indonesia tepatnya Indeks Infobank15. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan NPL, CAR sebagai variabel independen dan ROA sebagai variabel dependen. Keuangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk penggunaan data keuangan dalam penelitian dari laporan tahunan dan laporan keuangan dari tahun 2014 - 2018. Analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik seperti uji statistik F, uji t, dan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua bank di Indonesia dalam penelitian sehat dalam hal modal minimum, kredit macet analisis telah digunakan dan hasilnya sangat baik. Hasil rata-rata untuk CAR diatas standard 8% untuk modal minimum untuk bank. Hasil rata-rata NPL di bawah standar minimum 5% yang menunjukkan bahwa bank dapat mengelola kredit macet mereka. Data statistik deskriptif juga menunjukkan bahwa ROA memiliki rata-rata di atas 1,5% standar Bank Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara NPL, CAR on ROA bank di Indonesia pada Indeks Infobank15 dari tahun 2014-2018

Bond of Epoxy-Coated Wire to Concrete

The results of a preliminary study of the bond strength of epoxy-coated and uncoated plain and deformed wire are reported. Bond strength is evaluated using 25 beam-end specimens containing Wll and Dll wire with 3f4 in. or 2 in. (19 mm or 51 mm) concrete cover. Epoxy coating appears to increase the bond strength of plain wire, while having only a small effect on the bond strength of deformed wire. The tests indicate that epoxy may actually increase the bond strength in cases of high confinement while slightly decreasing the bond strength in cases of lower confinement. The bond strength of both coated and uncoated deformed wire is significantly higher than the bond strength of either coated or uncoated plain wire

A New Class of Solutions to the Strong CP Problem with a Small Two-Loop theta

We present a new class of models which produce zero theta (QCD} angle at the tree and one-loop level due to hermiticity of sub-blocks in the extended quark mass matrices. The structure can be maintained typically by non-abelian generation symmetry. Two examples are given for this class of solutions.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure